header-name: < h-char-sequence > " q-char-sequence "
h-char-sequence: h-char h-char-sequence h-char
h-char: any member of the source character set except new-line and >
q-char-sequence: q-char q-char-sequence q-char
q-char: any member of the source character set except new-line and "
Header name preprocessing tokens shall only appear within a #include preprocessing directive ([cpp.include]). The sequences in both forms of header-names are mapped in an implementation-defined manner to headers or to external source file names as specified in [cpp.include].
The appearance of either of the characters ' or \ or of either of the character sequences /* or // in a q-char-sequence or an h-char-sequence is conditionally supported with implementation-defined semantics, as is the appearance of the character " in an h-char-sequence.19
Thus, a sequence of characters that resembles an escape sequence might result in an error, be interpreted as the character corresponding to the escape sequence, or have a completely different meaning, depending on the implementation.