27 Input/output library [input.output]

Effects: Constructs an object of class basic_filebuf<charT,traits>, initializing the base class with basic_streambuf<charT,traits>() ([streambuf.cons]).

Postcondition: is_open() == false.

Effects: Move constructs from the rvalue rhs. It is implementation-defined whether the sequence pointers in *this (eback(), gptr(), egptr(), pbase(), pptr(), epptr()) obtain the values which rhs had. Whether they do or not, *this and rhs reference separate buffers (if any at all) after the construction. Additionally *this references the file which rhs did before the construction, and rhs references no file after the construction. The openmode, locale and any other state of rhs is also copied.

Postconditions: Let rhs_p refer to the state of rhs just prior to this construction and let rhs_a refer to the state of rhs just after this construction.

• (4.1)

  is_open() == rhs_p.is_open()

• (4.2)

  rhs_a.is_open() == false

• (4.3)

  gptr() - eback() == rhs_p.gptr() - rhs_p.eback()

• (4.4)

  egptr() - eback() == rhs_p.egptr() - rhs_p.eback()

• (4.5)

  pptr() - pbase() == rhs_p.pptr() - rhs_p.pbase()

• (4.6)

  epptr() - pbase() == rhs_p.epptr() - rhs_p.pbase()

• (4.7)

  if (eback()) eback() != rhs_a.eback()

• (4.8)

  if (gptr()) gptr() != rhs_a.gptr()

• (4.9)

  if (egptr()) egptr() != rhs_a.egptr()

• (4.10)

  if (pbase()) pbase() != rhs_a.pbase()

• (4.11)

  if (pptr()) pptr() != rhs_a.pptr()

• (4.12)

  if (epptr()) epptr() != rhs_a.epptr()

Effects: Destroys an object of class basic_filebuf<charT,traits>. Calls close(). If an exception occurs during the destruction of the object, including the call to close(), the exception is caught but not rethrown (see [res.on.exception.handling]).

Effects: Calls this->close() then move assigns from rhs. After the move assignment *this has the observable state it would have had if it had been move constructed from rhs (see [filebuf.cons]).

Returns: *this.

Effects: Exchanges the state of *this and rhs.

Effects: x.swap(y).

Returns: true if a previous call to open succeeded (returned a non-null value) and there has been no intervening call to close.

Effects: If is_open() != false, returns a null pointer. Otherwise, initializes the filebuf as required. It then opens a file, if possible, whose name is the ntbs s (as if by calling std::fopen(s,modstr)). The ntbs modstr is determined from mode & ~ios_base::ate as indicated in Table [tab:iostreams.file.open.modes]. If mode is not some combination of flags shown in the table then the open fails.

If the open operation succeeds and (mode & ios_base::ate) != 0, positions the file to the end (as if by calling std::fseek(file,0,SEEK_END)).334

If the repositioning operation fails, calls close() and returns a null pointer to indicate failure.

Returns: this if successful, a null pointer otherwise.

Effects: If is_open() == false, returns a null pointer. If a put area exists, calls overflow(traits::eof()) to flush characters. If the last virtual member function called on *this (between underflow, overflow, seekoff, and seekpos) was overflow then calls a_codecvt.unshift (possibly several times) to determine a termination sequence, inserts those characters and calls overflow(traits::eof()) again. Finally, regardless of whether any of the preceding calls fails or throws an exception, the function closes the file (as if by calling std::fclose(file)).335 If any of the calls made by the function, including std::fclose, fails, close fails by returning a null pointer. If one of these calls throws an exception, the exception is caught and rethrown after closing the file.

Returns: this on success, a null pointer otherwise.

Postcondition: is_open() == false.

Effects: Behaves the same as basic_streambuf::showmanyc() ([streambuf.virtuals]).

Remarks: An implementation might well provide an overriding definition for this function signature if it can determine that more characters can be read from the input sequence.

Effects: Behaves according to the description of basic_streambuf<charT,traits>::underflow(), with the specialization that a sequence of characters is read from the input sequence as if by reading from the associated file into an internal buffer ( extern_buf) and then as if by doing

char   extern_buf[XSIZE];
char*  extern_end;
charT  intern_buf[ISIZE];
charT* intern_end;
codecvt_base::result r =
  a_codecvt.in(state, extern_buf, extern_buf+XSIZE, extern_end,
               intern_buf, intern_buf+ISIZE, intern_end);

This shall be done in such a way that the class can recover the position (fpos_t) corresponding to each character between intern_buf and intern_end. If the value of r indicates that a_codecvt.in() ran out of space in intern_buf, retry with a larger intern_buf.

Effects: Behaves according to the description of basic_streambuf<charT,traits>::uflow(), with the specialization that a sequence of characters is read from the input with the same method as used by underflow.

Effects: Puts back the character designated by c to the input sequence, if possible, in one of three ways:

• (5.1)

  If traits::eq_int_type(c,traits::eof()) returns false and if the function makes a putback position available and if traits::eq(to_char_type(c),gptr()[-1]) returns true, decrements the next pointer for the input sequence, gptr().

  Returns: c.

• (5.2)

  If traits::eq_int_type(c,traits::eof()) returns false and if the function makes a putback position available and if the function is permitted to assign to the putback position, decrements the next pointer for the input sequence, and stores c there.

  Returns: c.

• (5.3)

  If traits::eq_int_type(c,traits::eof()) returns true, and if either the input sequence has a putback position available or the function makes a putback position available, decrements the next pointer for the input sequence, gptr().

  Returns: traits::not_eof(c).

Returns: traits::eof() to indicate failure.

Remarks: If is_open() == false, the function always fails.

The function does not put back a character directly to the input sequence.

If the function can succeed in more than one of these ways, it is unspecified which way is chosen. The function can alter the number of putback positions available as a result of any call.

Effects: Behaves according to the description of basic_streambuf<charT,traits>::overflow(c), except that the behavior of “consuming characters” is performed by first converting as if by:

charT* b = pbase();
charT* p = pptr();
charT* end;
char   xbuf[XSIZE];
char*  xbuf_end;
codecvt_base::result r =
  a_codecvt.out(state, b, p, end, xbuf, xbuf+XSIZE, xbuf_end);

and then

• (10.1)

  If r == codecvt_base::error then fail.

• (10.2)

  If r == codecvt_base::noconv then output characters from b up to (and not including) p.

• (10.3)

  If r == codecvt_base::partial then output to the file characters from xbuf up to xbuf_end, and repeat using characters from end to p. If output fails, fail (without repeating).

• (10.4)

  Otherwise output from xbuf to xbuf_end, and fail if output fails. At this point if b != p and b == end (xbuf isn't large enough) then increase XSIZE and repeat from the beginning.

Returns: traits::not_eof(c) to indicate success, and traits::eof() to indicate failure. If is_open() == false, the function always fails.

Effects: If setbuf(0,0) is called on a stream before any I/O has occurred on that stream, the stream becomes unbuffered. Otherwise the results are implementation-defined. “Unbuffered” means that pbase() and pptr() always return null and output to the file should appear as soon as possible.

Effects: Let width denote a_codecvt.encoding(). If is_open() == false, or off != 0 && width <= 0, then the positioning operation fails. Otherwise, if way != basic_ios::cur or off != 0, and if the last operation was output, then update the output sequence and write any unshift sequence. Next, seek to the new position: if width > 0, call std::fseek(file, width * off, whence), otherwise call std::fseek(file, 0, whence).

Remarks: “The last operation was output” means either the last virtual operation was overflow or the put buffer is non-empty. “Write any unshift sequence” means, if width if less than zero then call a_codecvt.unshift(state, xbuf, xbuf+XSIZE, xbuf_end) and output the resulting unshift sequence. The function determines one of three values for the argument whence, of type int, as indicated in Table [tab:iostreams.seekoff.effects].

Returns: A newly constructed pos_type object that stores the resultant stream position, if possible. If the positioning operation fails, or if the object cannot represent the resultant stream position, returns pos_type(off_type(-1)).

Alters the file position, if possible, to correspond to the position stored in sp (as described below). Altering the file position performs as follows:

1. 1.

   if (om & ios_base::out) != 0, then update the output sequence and write any unshift sequence;

2. 2.

   set the file position to sp;

3. 3.

   if (om & ios_base::in) != 0, then update the input sequence;

where om is the open mode passed to the last call to open(). The operation fails if is_open() returns false.

If sp is an invalid stream position, or if the function positions neither sequence, the positioning operation fails. If sp has not been obtained by a previous successful call to one of the positioning functions (seekoff or seekpos) on the same file the effects are undefined.

Returns: sp on success. Otherwise returns pos_type(off_type(-1)).

Effects: If a put area exists, calls filebuf::overflow to write the characters to the file. If a get area exists, the effect is implementation-defined.

Requires: If the file is not positioned at its beginning and the encoding of the current locale as determined by a_codecvt.encoding() is state-dependent ([locale.codecvt.virtuals]) then that facet is the same as the corresponding facet of loc.

Effects: Causes characters inserted or extracted after this call to be converted according to loc until another call of imbue.

Remark: This may require reconversion of previously converted characters. This in turn may require the implementation to be able to reconstruct the original contents of the file.

Effects: Constructs an object of class basic_ifstream<charT,traits>, initializing the base class with basic_istream(&sb) and initializing sb with basic_filebuf<charT,traits>()) ([istream.cons], [filebuf.cons]).

Effects: Constructs an object of class basic_ifstream, initializing the base class with basic_istream(&sb) and initializing sb with basic_filebuf<charT, traits>()) ([istream.cons], [filebuf.cons]), then calls rdbuf()->open(s, mode | ios_base::in). If that function returns a null pointer, calls setstate(failbit).

Effects: the same as basic_ifstream(s.c_str(), mode).

Effects: Move constructs from the rvalue rhs. This is accomplished by move constructing the base class, and the contained basic_filebuf. Next basic_istream<charT,traits>::set_rdbuf(&sb) is called to install the contained basic_filebuf.

Effects: Move assigns the base and members of *this from the base and corresponding members of rhs.

Returns: *this.

Effects: Exchanges the state of *this and rhs by calling basic_istream<charT,traits>::swap(rhs) and sb.swap(rhs.sb).

Effects: x.swap(y).

Returns: const_cast<basic_filebuf<charT,traits>*>(&sb).

Returns: rdbuf()->is_open().

Effects: Calls rdbuf()->open(s, mode | ios_base::in). If that function does not return a null pointer calls clear(), otherwise calls setstate(failbit) (which may throw ios_base::failure ([iostate.flags])).

Effects: calls open(s.c_str(), mode).

Effects: Calls rdbuf()->close() and, if that function returns a null pointer, calls setstate(failbit) (which may throw ios_base::failure ([iostate.flags])).

Effects: Constructs an object of class basic_ofstream<charT,traits>, initializing the base class with basic_ostream(&sb) and initializing sb with basic_filebuf<charT,traits>()) ([ostream.cons], [filebuf.cons]).

Effects: Constructs an object of class basic_ofstream<charT,traits>, initializing the base class with basic_ostream(&sb) and initializing sb with basic_filebuf<charT,traits>()) ([ostream.cons], [filebuf.cons]), then calls rdbuf()->open(s, mode|ios_base::out). If that function returns a null pointer, calls setstate(failbit).

Effects: the same as basic_ofstream(s.c_str(), mode);

Effects: Move constructs from the rvalue rhs. This is accomplished by move constructing the base class, and the contained basic_filebuf. Next basic_ostream<charT,traits>::set_rdbuf(&sb) is called to install the contained basic_filebuf.

Effects: Move assigns the base and members of *this from the base and corresponding members of rhs.

Returns: *this.

Effects: Exchanges the state of *this and rhs by calling basic_ostream<charT,traits>::swap(rhs) and sb.swap(rhs.sb).

Effects: x.swap(y).

Returns: const_cast<basic_filebuf<charT,traits>*>(&sb).

Returns: rdbuf()->is_open().

Effects: Calls rdbuf()->open(s, mode | ios_base::out). If that function does not return a null pointer calls clear(), otherwise calls setstate(failbit) (which may throw ios_base::failure ([iostate.flags])).

Effects: Calls rdbuf()->close() and, if that function fails (returns a null pointer), calls setstate(failbit) (which may throw ios_base::failure ([iostate.flags])).

Effects: calls open(s.c_str(), mode);

Effects: Constructs an object of class basic_fstream<charT,traits>, initializing the base class with basic_iostream(&sb) and initializing sb with basic_filebuf<charT,traits>().

Effects: Constructs an object of class basic_fstream<charT, traits>, initializing the base class with basic_iostream(&sb) and initializing sb with basic_filebuf<charT, traits>(). Then calls rdbuf()->open(s, mode). If that function returns a null pointer, calls setstate(failbit).

Effects: the same as basic_fstream(s.c_str(), mode);

Effects: Move constructs from the rvalue rhs. This is accomplished by move constructing the base class, and the contained basic_filebuf. Next basic_istream<charT,traits>::set_rdbuf(&sb) is called to install the contained basic_filebuf.

Effects: Move assigns the base and members of *this from the base and corresponding members of rhs.

Returns: *this.

Effects: Exchanges the state of *this and rhs by calling basic_iostream<charT,traits>::swap(rhs) and sb.swap(rhs.sb).

Effects: x.swap(y).

Returns: const_cast<basic_filebuf<charT,traits>*>(&sb).

Returns: rdbuf()->is_open().

Effects: Calls rdbuf()->open(s,mode). If that function does not return a null pointer calls clear(), otherwise calls setstate(failbit), (which may throw ios_base::failure) ([iostate.flags]).

Effects: calls open(s.c_str(), mode);

Effects: Calls rdbuf()->close() and, if that function returns returns a null pointer, calls setstate(failbit) ([iostate.flags]) (which may throw ios_base::failure).