Annex D (normative) Compatibility features [depr]

D.23 Deprecated convenience conversion interfaces [depr.conversions]

D.23.1 General [depr.conversions.general]

The header <locale> has the following additions: namespace std { template<class Codecvt, class Elem = wchar_t, class WideAlloc = allocator<Elem>, class ByteAlloc = allocator<char>> class wstring_convert; template<class Codecvt, class Elem = wchar_t, class Tr = char_traits<Elem>> class wbuffer_convert; }

D.23.2 Class template wstring_convert [depr.conversions.string]

Class template wstring_convert performs conversions between a wide string and a byte string.

It lets you specify a code conversion facet (like class template codecvt) to perform the conversions, without affecting any streams or locales.

[Example 1:

If you want to use a code conversion facet, codecvt_for_utf8, to output to cout a UTF-8 multibyte sequence corresponding to a wide string, but you don't want to alter the locale for cout, you can write something like: std::wstring_convert<codecvt_for_utf8<wchar_t>> myconv; std::string mbstring = myconv.to_bytes(L"Hello\n"); std::cout << mbstring;

— end example]

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namespace std { template<class Codecvt, class Elem = wchar_t, class WideAlloc = allocator<Elem>, class ByteAlloc = allocator<char>> class wstring_convert { public: using byte_string = basic_string<char, char_traits<char>, ByteAlloc>; using wide_string = basic_string<Elem, char_traits<Elem>, WideAlloc>; using state_type = typename Codecvt::state_type; using int_type = typename wide_string::traits_type::int_type; wstring_convert() : wstring_convert(new Codecvt) {} explicit wstring_convert(Codecvt* pcvt); wstring_convert(Codecvt* pcvt, state_type state); explicit wstring_convert(const byte_string& byte_err, const wide_string& wide_err = wide_string()); ~wstring_convert(); wstring_convert(const wstring_convert&) = delete; wstring_convert& operator=(const wstring_convert&) = delete; wide_string from_bytes(char byte); wide_string from_bytes(const char* ptr); wide_string from_bytes(const byte_string& str); wide_string from_bytes(const char* first, const char* last); byte_string to_bytes(Elem wchar); byte_string to_bytes(const Elem* wptr); byte_string to_bytes(const wide_string& wstr); byte_string to_bytes(const Elem* first, const Elem* last); size_t converted() const noexcept; state_type state() const; private: byte_string byte_err_string; // exposition only wide_string wide_err_string; // exposition only Codecvt* cvtptr; // exposition only state_type cvtstate; // exposition only size_t cvtcount; // exposition only }; }

The class template describes an object that controls conversions between wide string objects of class basic_string<Elem, char_traits<Elem>, WideAlloc> and byte string objects of class basic_string<char, char_traits<char>, ByteAlloc>.

The class template defines the types wide_string and byte_string as synonyms for these two types.

Conversion between a sequence of Elem values (stored in a wide_string object) and multibyte sequences (stored in a byte_string object) is performed by an object of class Codecvt, which meets the requirements of the standard code-conversion facet codecvt<Elem, char, mbstate_t>.

An object of this class template stores:

(3.1)
byte_err_string — a byte string to display on errors
(3.2)
wide_err_string — a wide string to display on errors
(3.3)
cvtptr — a pointer to the allocated conversion object (which is freed when the wstring_convert object is destroyed)
(3.4)
cvtstate — a conversion state object
(3.5)
cvtcount — a conversion count

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size_t converted() const noexcept;

Returns: cvtcount.

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wide_string from_bytes(char byte);
wide_string from_bytes(const char* ptr);
wide_string from_bytes(const byte_string& str);
wide_string from_bytes(const char* first, const char* last);

Effects: The first member function converts the single-element sequence byte to a wide string.

The second member function converts the null-terminated sequence beginning at ptr to a wide string.

The third member function converts the sequence stored in str to a wide string.

The fourth member function converts the sequence defined by the range [first, last) to a wide string.

In all cases:

(6.1)
If the cvtstate object was not constructed with an explicit value, it is set to its default value (the initial conversion state) before the conversion begins.

Otherwise it is left unchanged.
(6.2)
The number of input elements successfully converted is stored in cvtcount.

Returns: If no conversion error occurs, the member function returns the converted wide string.

Otherwise, if the object was constructed with a wide-error string, the member function returns the wide-error string.

Otherwise, the member function throws an object of class range_error.

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state_type state() const;

Returns: cvtstate.

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byte_string to_bytes(Elem wchar);
byte_string to_bytes(const Elem* wptr);
byte_string to_bytes(const wide_string& wstr);
byte_string to_bytes(const Elem* first, const Elem* last);

Effects: The first member function converts the single-element sequence wchar to a byte string.

The second member function converts the null-terminated sequence beginning at wptr to a byte string.

The third member function converts the sequence stored in wstr to a byte string.

The fourth member function converts the sequence defined by the range [first, last) to a byte string.

In all cases:

(10.1)
If the cvtstate object was not constructed with an explicit value, it is set to its default value (the initial conversion state) before the conversion begins.

Otherwise it is left unchanged.
(10.2)
The number of input elements successfully converted is stored in cvtcount.

Returns: If no conversion error occurs, the member function returns the converted byte string.

Otherwise, if the object was constructed with a byte-error string, the member function returns the byte-error string.

Otherwise, the member function throws an object of class range_error.

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explicit wstring_convert(Codecvt* pcvt);
wstring_convert(Codecvt* pcvt, state_type state);
explicit wstring_convert(const byte_string& byte_err,
    const wide_string& wide_err = wide_string());

Preconditions: For the first and second constructors, pcvt is not null.

Effects: The first constructor stores pcvt in cvtptr and default values in cvtstate, byte_err_string, and wide_err_string.

The second constructor stores pcvt in cvtptr, state in cvtstate, and default values in byte_err_string and wide_err_string; moreover the stored state is retained between calls to from_bytes and to_bytes.

The third constructor stores new Codecvt in cvtptr, state_type() in cvtstate, byte_err in byte_err_string, and wide_err in wide_err_string.

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~wstring_convert();

Effects: delete cvtptr.

D.23.3 Class template wbuffer_convert [depr.conversions.buffer]

Class template wbuffer_convert looks like a wide stream buffer, but performs all its I/O through an underlying byte stream buffer that you specify when you construct it.

Like class template wstring_convert, it lets you specify a code conversion facet to perform the conversions, without affecting any streams or locales.

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namespace std { template<class Codecvt, class Elem = wchar_t, class Tr = char_traits<Elem>> class wbuffer_convert : public basic_streambuf<Elem, Tr> { public: using state_type = typename Codecvt::state_type; wbuffer_convert() : wbuffer_convert(nullptr) {} explicit wbuffer_convert(streambuf* bytebuf, Codecvt* pcvt = new Codecvt, state_type state = state_type()); ~wbuffer_convert(); wbuffer_convert(const wbuffer_convert&) = delete; wbuffer_convert& operator=(const wbuffer_convert&) = delete; streambuf* rdbuf() const; streambuf* rdbuf(streambuf* bytebuf); state_type state() const; private: streambuf* bufptr; // exposition only Codecvt* cvtptr; // exposition only state_type cvtstate; // exposition only }; }

The class template describes a stream buffer that controls the transmission of elements of type Elem, whose character traits are described by the class Tr, to and from a byte stream buffer of type streambuf.

Conversion between a sequence of Elem values and multibyte sequences is performed by an object of class Codecvt, which shall meet the requirements of the standard code-conversion facet codecvt<Elem, char, mbstate_t>.

An object of this class template stores:

(3.1)
bufptr — a pointer to its underlying byte stream buffer
(3.2)
cvtptr — a pointer to the allocated conversion object (which is freed when the wbuffer_convert object is destroyed)
(3.3)
cvtstate — a conversion state object

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state_type state() const;

Returns: cvtstate.

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streambuf* rdbuf() const;

Returns: bufptr.

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streambuf* rdbuf(streambuf* bytebuf);

Effects: Stores bytebuf in bufptr.

Returns: The previous value of bufptr.

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explicit wbuffer_convert(
    streambuf* bytebuf,
    Codecvt* pcvt = new Codecvt,
    state_type state = state_type());

Preconditions: pcvt is not null.

Effects: The constructor constructs a stream buffer object, initializes bufptr to bytebuf, initializes cvtptr to pcvt, and initializes cvtstate to state.

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~wbuffer_convert();

Effects: delete cvtptr.